海上动态目标潜在区域博弈预测及搜索方法

针对遥感卫星对海上动态目标搜索定位的应用需求, 提出海上动态目标潜在区域博弈预测及搜索方法。通过非对称信息假设将动态博弈转化为静态博弈, 简化策略函数以提高算法效率。以收益为指标设计博弈策略, 使算法更贴近实际应用, 并将目标潜在区域预测算法和卫星搜索规划算法转化为纳什均衡下的最优策略求解问题。引入目的地信息, 将目标位置预测的时间跨度从数小时增加到数天。实验结果显示, 该搜索方法在保证了较高目标捕获率的同时, 降低了遥感卫星星座的资源消耗。该搜索方法在海上动态目标搜索领域具有潜在应用价值。     

Evolutionary game analysis of low-carbon behavior credit supervision of logistics enterprises

Based on the low-carbon obligation fulfillment of Chinese logistics enterprises, this study constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model to analyze the evolutionary process of the interaction between the local government, logistics enterprises and the public in the process of low-carbon behavior credit supervision. Then using Netlogo software, a parameter simulation experiment is conducted to determine the optimal policy for improving the effect of supervision. The results are as follows: ① The combined influence of the local government and the public can effectively change the strategic choice of enterprises and promote the low-carbon behavior of enterprises. ② In terms of improving the effect of supervision, reducing the cost of government supervision would have a highly significant effect, and reducing the cost of the public would be counterproductive. ③ Increasing the government subsidies to enterprises and the government’s fines to enterprises both have a significant effect, and the effect of improving the former is better. However, increasing the severity of higher-level governments punishing local governments will reduce the stability of the system. ④ Supervision can be more effective by increasing the public’s impact on enterprises’ earnings rather than by increasing government subsidies to the public.     

基于动态博弈的补贴模式对机场群航线网络结构的影响研究

为探讨不同补贴模式对机场群航线网络结构的影响，本文构建了关于机场、航空公司和乘客之间的动态博弈模型，通过逆向归纳法得到了纳什均衡条件. 研究结果发现：（1）不同的补贴模式对多机场航线网络结构产生重要影响，低补贴模式促使机场群倾向于形成点对点航线网络结构，反之，在高补贴模式下机场群易于形成枢纽辐射航线网络； （2）在较低的空铁联运总运营成本环境下，补贴竞争使得航空公司倾向于选择系统内的大型机场作为枢纽机场；反之，如果空铁联运总运营成本相对较高，补贴竞争使得航空公司倾向于选择小机场作为枢纽节点； （3）随航班固定成本和空铁联运总运营成本的增大，大型机场作为枢纽节点的概率逐渐减少，而小机场被选为枢纽节点的概率将逐渐增大. 随着机场群内大型机场腹地服务人口比例的增大，航空公司选择点对点航线网络的概率在减小. 研究结论能够为民航管理部门科学制定和应用航线补贴政策提供决策依据.     

基于学业成绩的师范生教师资格获得预警研究

本研究指出,教师资格考试是我国教师准入管理制度的重要环节,师范生教师资格证的获得是师范生职业发展的第一道门槛.本研究通过建立教师资格证考试内容与大学学科课程的对应关系,采用基于密度的离群点检测算法模型,以数学与应用专业学生的课程成绩为实验样本进行数据挖掘分析,识别学业危机学生.研究结果表明,该预警方法可以识别出教师资格获得危机学生,引起学生对教师资格证考试备考的重视,为教师提供预警干预学生的依据,有利于教师精准施教.该预警方法对离群特征显著的学生预测可达到100％,对离群特征不明显的学生识别率较低,算法有待修正.     

不同农药残留标准下家庭农场种植行为选择

文章建立了政府与家庭农场农户之间的博弈模型,探讨在不同农药残留标准下政府如何对生态种植行为进行激励.研究表明,在宽松的农药残留标准下,政府可通过征收农药税等方式提高农药成本来激励农户选择生态种植,生态补贴及超标罚款的效果不明显;在严格的农药残留标准下,当农产品抽查难度较大时,政府可选择降低检查概率,同时大幅度提高农药价格来增加农户使用生态种植的动机;当政府对农药成本控制力较低或农药价格增量的边际效益较小时,政府应提高其检查概率,同时提高对于农药残留超标的罚款及生态种植的补贴来激励农户使用生态种植.     

Klein-Weyl's program and the ontology of gauge and quantum systems

We distinguish two orientations in Weyl's analysis of the fundamental role played by the notion of symmetry in physics, namely an orientation inspired by Klein's Erlangen program and a phenomenological-transcendental orientation. By privileging the former to the detriment of the latter, we sketch a group(oid)-theoretical program—that we call the Klein-Weyl program—for the interpretation of both gauge theories and quantum mechanics in a single conceptual framework. This program is based on Weyl's notion of a “structure-endowed entity” equipped with a “group of automorphisms”. First, we analyze what Weyl calls the “problem of relativity” in the frameworks provided by special relativity, general relativity, and Yang-Mills theories. We argue that both general relativity and Yang-Mills theories can be understood in terms of a localization of Klein's Erlangen program: while the latter describes the group-theoretical automorphisms of a single structure (such as homogenous geometries), local gauge symmetries and the corresponding gauge fields (Ehresmann connections) can be naturally understood in terms of the groupoid-theoretical isomorphisms in a family of identical structures. Second, we argue that quantum mechanics can be understood in terms of a linearization of Klein's Erlangen program. This stance leads us to an interpretation of the fact that quantum numbers are “indices characterizing representations of groups” ((Weyl, 1931a), p.xxi) in terms of a correspondence between the ontological categories of identity and determinateness.     

厚尾噪声条件下星凸形扩展目标student’s t滤波器

针对非线性非高斯厚尾噪声条件下的不规则形状的扩展目标跟踪问题,提出了基于随机超曲面模型(RHM)的星凸形扩展目标student’s t滤波算法.首先,在带有非高斯厚尾过程噪声和厚尾量测噪声的系统中, 基于student’s t分布给出鲁棒student’s t滤波器.其次,利用随机超曲面模型描述任意星凸形扩展目标的量测源分布, 提出带厚尾噪声的星凸形扩展目标student’s t滤波器.最后通过仿真验证了所提方法的正确性和有效性.     

突破性创新联盟知识共享演化博弈研究

企业突破性创新成为企业竞争中致胜的利器,而突破性创新具有高投入、高风险和高产出等特点,使企业倾向于通过获取组织外部创新知识资源来促进企业突破性创新活动。而突破性创新联盟知识共享能够有效降低独自创新所面临的巨大风险与投入。应用演化博弈方法来分析突破性创新联盟组织间知识共享问题。研究结论:通过减少成本投入量、增强惩罚系数、扩大知识投入量、提高知识吸收能力均可有效地促进突破性创新联盟间的知识共享,提升企业突破性创新水平。